del Sarto, Portrait of a Young Man, 1518
For generations, drawing—disegno—had been the activity that
best defined Florentine art. Long before they were allowed to apply color,
apprentice artists were expected to hone their skills at drawing everything
around them, from nature to people to works of art and architecture.
Michelangelo’s advice to one member of his workshop was typical: “Draw,
Antonio, draw, Antonio, draw and don’t waste time.” He himself spent long hours
in the garden of Palazzo Medici sketching works of ancient sculpture before he
began to learn how to hew costly blocks of marble, just as his elder
contemporary Leonardo would draw endless plans on paper before he began to
paint or build. Goldsmiths drew, embroiderers drew, architects drew, and thanks
to a solid background in drawing a master in one medium could become a master
in others. Filippo Brunelleschi turned his talents from the miniature scale of
gold jewelry to the gigantic dome of Florence Cathedral, Michelangelo turned
from his marble David to the frescoed ceiling of the Sistine Chapel,
and Raphael revealed a skill for architecture that equaled his command of
paint. They were all trained in Florence.
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