To prevent damage to the brain caused by the rapid and
repeated impacts, woodpeckers have evolved several adaptations to protect the
brain: it is small-sized, orientations within the skull are such in order to
maximize the area of contact with the skull and the brevity of contact. In the
millisecond before each impact, a membrane covers the eye, protecting against
shrapnel. The nostrils are small gaps and have special feathers to cap them.
Thus, the woodpecker are capable of repeatedly pecking the wood of a tree,
suffering deceleration in the order of 10,000 m/s.
Thank you, Scientific Philosophy and Philosophical Science.
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